A family hierarchy is usually presented by a pedigree tree where all the nodes on the same level belong to the same generation. Your task is to find the generation with the largest population.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case starts with two positive integers N (<100) which is the total number of family members in the tree (and hence assume that all the members are numbered from 01 to N), and M (<N) which is the number of family members who have children. Then M lines follow, each contains the information of a family member in the following format:
ID K ID[1] ID[2] … ID[K]
where ID is a two-digit number representing a family member, K (>0) is the number of his/her children, followed by a sequence of two-digit ID’s of his/her children. For the sake of simplicity, let us fix the root ID to be 01. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print in one line the largest population number and the level of the corresponding generation. It is assumed that such a generation is unique, and the root level is defined to be 1.
Sample Input:
23 13
21 1 23
01 4 03 02 04 05
03 3 06 07 08
06 2 12 13
13 1 21
08 2 15 16
02 2 09 10
11 2 19 20
17 1 22
05 1 11
07 1 14
09 1 17
10 1 18
Sample Output:
9 4
题目大意:输入树的结点个数N,结点编号为1~N,非叶子结点个数M,然后输出M个非叶子结点格子的孩子结点的编号,求结点个数最多的一层,根结点的层号为1,输出该层的结点个数以及层号<(▰˘◡˘▰)>
分析:用DFS或者BFS,用DFS就用参数index和level标记当前遍历的结点的编号和层数,一个数组book标记当前层数level所含结点数,最后遍历一遍数组找出最大值。注意 :book[level]++;这句话是发生在return语句判断之前的外面,即每遇到一个结点都要进行处理,而不是放在return语句的条件判断里面~~
如果是BFS,就用一个数组level[i]标记i结点所处的层数,它等于它的父亲结点的level的值+1,用一个数组book,book[i]标记i层所拥有的结点数,在遍历的时候每弹出一个结点就将当前结点的层数所对应的book值+1,最后遍历一遍book数组找出最大拥有的结点数和层数~
- 深度优先dfs方法:
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#include <cstdio> #include <vector> using namespace std; vector<int> v[100]; int book[100]; void dfs(int index, int level) { book[level]++; for(int i = 0; i < v[index].size(); i++) dfs(v[index][i], level+1); } int main() { int n, m, a, k, c; scanf("%d %d", &n, &m); for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) { scanf("%d %d",&a, &k); for(int j = 0; j < k; j++) { scanf("%d", &c); v[a].push_back(c); } } dfs(1, 1); int maxnum = 0, maxlevel = 1; for(int i = 1; i < 100; i++) { if(book[i] > maxnum) { maxnum = book[i]; maxlevel = i; } } printf("%d %d", maxnum, maxlevel); return 0; } |
- 广度优先bfs方法:
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#include <cstdio> #include <vector> #include <queue> using namespace std; vector<int> v[100]; int level[100]; int book[100]; int main() { int n, m, a, k, c; scanf("%d %d", &n, &m); for(int i = 0; i < m; i++) { scanf("%d %d",&a, &k); for(int j = 0; j < k; j++) { scanf("%d", &c); v[a].push_back(c); } } queue<int> q; q.push(1); level[1] = 1; while(!q.empty()) { int index = q.front(); q.pop(); book[level[index]]++; for(int i = 0; i < v[index].size(); i++) { level[v[index][i]] = level[index] + 1; q.push(v[index][i]); } } int maxnum = 0, maxlevel = 1; for(int i = 1; i < 100; i++) { if(book[i] > maxnum) { maxnum = book[i]; maxlevel = i; } } printf("%d %d", maxnum, maxlevel); return 0; } |
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